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Reading list

Machine Learning Basics for a Newbie
6 Steps of Machine learning Lifecycle Introduction to Predictive Modeling
Introduction to Exploratory Data Analysis & Data Insights Descriptive Statistics Inferential Statistics How to Understand Population Distributions?
Reading Data Files into Python Different Variable Datatypes
Probability for Data Science Basic Concepts of Probability Axioms of Probability Conditional Probability
Central Tendencies for Continuous Variables Spread of Data KDE plots for Continuous Variable Overview of Distribution for Continuous variables Normal Distribution Skewed Distribution Skeweness and Kurtosis Distribution for Continuous Variable
Central Tendencies for Categorical Variables Understanding Discrete Distributions Performing EDA on Categorical Variables
Dealing with Missing Values Understanding Outliers Identifying Outliers in Data Outlier Detection in Python Outliers Detection Using IQR, Z-score, LOF and DBSCAN
Sample and Population Central Limit Theorem Confidence Interval and Margin of Error
Bivariate Analysis Introduction
Covariance Pearson Correlation Spearman's Correlation & Kendall's Tau Correlation versus Causation Tabular and Graphical methods for Bivariate Analysis Performing Bivariate Analysis on Continuous-Continuous Variables
Tabular and Graphical methods for Continuous-Categorical Variables Introduction to Hypothesis Testing P-value Two sample Z-test T-test T-test vs Z-test Performing Bivariate Analysis on Continuous-Catagorical variables
Chi-Squares Test Bivariate Analysis on Categorical Categorical Variables
Multivariate Analysis A Comprehensive Guide to Data Exploration The Data Science behind IPL
Supervised Learning vs Unsupervised Learning Reinforcement Learning Generative and Descriminative Models Parametric and Non Parametric model
Machine Learning Pipeline Preparing Dataset Build a Benchmark Model: Regression Build a Benchmark Model: Classification
Evaluation Metrics for Machine Learning Everyone should know Confusion Matrix Accuracy Precision and Recall AUC-ROC Log Loss R2 and Adjusted R2
Dealing with Missing Values Replacing Missing Values Imputing Missing Values in Data Working with Categorical Variables Working with Outliers Preprocessing Data for Model Building
Understanding Cost Function Understanding Gradient Descent Math Behind Gradient Descent Assumptions of Linear Regression Implement Linear Regression from Scratch Train Linear Regression in Python Implementing Linear Regression in R Diagnosing Residual Plots in Linear Regression Models Generalized Linear Models Introduction to Logistic Regression Odds Ratio Implementing Logistic Regression from Scratch Introduction to Scikit-learn in Python Train Logistic Regression in python Multiclass using Logistic Regression How to use Multinomial and Ordinal Logistic Regression in R ? Challenges with Linear Regression Introduction to Regularisation Implementing Regularisation Ridge Regression Lasso Regression
Introduction to K Nearest Neighbours Determining the Right Value of K in KNN Implement KNN from Scratch Implement KNN in Python
Bias Variance Tradeoff Introduction to Overfitting and Underfitting Visualizing Overfitting and Underfitting Selecting the Right Model What is Validation? Hold-Out Validation Understanding K Fold Cross Validation
Introduction to Feature Selection Feature Selection Algorithms Missing Value Ratio Low Variance Filter High Correlation Filter Backward Feature Elimination Forward Feature Selection Implement Feature Selection in Python Implement Feature Selection in R
Introduction to Decision Tree Purity in Decision Tree Terminologies Related to Decision Tree How to Select Best Split Point in Decision Tree? Chi-Squares Information Gain Reduction in Variance Optimizing Performance of Decision Tree Train Decision Tree using Scikit Learn Pruning of Decision Trees
Introduction to Feature Engineering Feature Transformation Feature Scaling Feature Engineering Frequency Encoding Automated Feature Engineering: Feature Tools
Introduction to Naive Bayes Conditional Probability and Bayes Theorem Introduction to Bayesian Adjustment Rating: The Incredible Concept Behind Online Ratings! Working of Naive Bayes Math behind Naive Bayes Types of Naive Bayes Implementation of Naive Bayes
Understanding how to solve Multiclass and Multilabled Classification Problem Evaluation Metrics: Multi Class Classification
Introduction to Ensemble Techniques Basic Ensemble Techniques Implementing Basic Ensemble Techniques Finding Optimal Weights of Ensemble Learner using Neural Network Why Ensemble Models Work well?
Introduction to Stacking Implementing Stacking Variants of Stacking Implementing Variants of Stacking Introduction to Blending Bootstrap Sampling Introduction to Random Sampling Hyper-parameters of Random Forest Implementing Random Forest Out-of-Bag (OOB) Score in the Random Forest IPL Team Win Prediction Project Using Machine Learning Introduction to Boosting Gradient Boosting Algorithm Math behind GBM Implementing GBM in python Regularized Greedy Forests Extreme Gradient Boosting Implementing XGBM in python Tuning Hyperparameters of XGBoost in Python Implement XGBM in R/H2O Adaptive Boosting Implementing Adaptive Boosing LightGBM Implementing LightGBM in Python Catboost Implementing Catboost in Python
Different Hyperparameter Tuning methods Implementing Different Hyperparameter Tuning methods GridsearchCV RandomizedsearchCV Bayesian Optimization for Hyperparameter Tuning Hyperopt
Understanding SVM Algorithm SVM Kernels In-depth Intuition and Practical Implementation SVM Kernel Tricks Kernels and Hyperparameters in SVM Implementing SVM from Scratch in Python and R
Introduction to Principal Component Analysis Steps to Perform Principal Compound Analysis Computation of Covariance Matrix Finding Eigenvectors and Eigenvalues Implementing PCA in python Visualizing PCA A Brief Introduction to Linear Discriminant Analysis Introduction to Factor Analysis
Introduction to Clustering Applications of Clustering Evaluation Metrics for Clustering Understanding K-Means Implementation of K-Means in Python Implementation of K-Means in R Choosing Right Value for K Profiling Market Segments using K-Means Clustering Hierarchical Clustering Implementation of Hierarchial Clustering DBSCAN Defining Similarity between clusters Build Better and Accurate Clusters with Gaussian Mixture Models
Understand Basics of Recommendation Engine with Case Study
8 Ways to Improve Accuracy of Machine Learning Models
Introduction to Dask Working with CuML
Introduction to Machine Learning Interpretability Framework and Interpretable Models model Agnostic Methods for Interpretability Implementing Interpretable Model Understanding SHAP Out-of-Core ML Introduction to Interpretable Machine Learning Models Model Agnostic Methods for Interpretability Game Theory & Shapley Values
Introduction to Machine Learning Interpretability Framework and Interpretable Models model Agnostic Methods for Interpretability Implementing Interpretable Model Understanding SHAP Out-of-Core ML Introduction to Interpretable Machine Learning Models Model Agnostic Methods for Interpretability Game Theory & Shapley Values
Introduction to AutoML Implementation of MLBox Introduction to PyCaret TPOT Auto-Sklearn EvalML
Pickle and Joblib Introduction to Model Deployment
Deploying Machine Learning Model using Streamlit Deploying ML Models in Docker Deploy Using Streamlit Deploy on Heroku Deploy Using Netlify Introduction to Amazon Sagemaker Setting up Amazon SageMaker Using SageMaker Endpoint to Generate Inference Deploy on Microsoft Azure Cloud Introduction to Flask for Model Deploying ML model using Flask
Model Deployment in Android Model Deployment in Iphone

Using Clinical Data Science to Improve Clinical Outcomes

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Guest Blog Last Updated : 19 Oct, 2023
6 min read

Introduction

In an era defined by the convergence of technology and data, the power of data science transcends traditional boundaries, ushering in a new age of innovation. Today, we embark on an enlightening journey into the realm of clinical data science, where the fusion of health, technology, and data science is poised to revolutionize the healthcare landscape. In this exploration, we delve beyond data science’s conventional applications, venturing into a world where actionable insights drive the transformation of patient care and the ultimate enhancement of clinical outcomes. This article will show you the importance and impact of data science in patient care, focusing on oncology.

Using Clinical Data Science to Improve Clinical Outcomes | DataHour by Amarjeet Kaur

Learning Objectives:

  • Understand what clinical data science is.
  • Learn how data science and data visualization help in clinical decision-making, through case studies.
  • Understand the goals and objectives of clinical data science.

Table of Contents

What is Clinical Data Science?

In this rapidly evolving digital age, we’re witnessing the convergence of health, technology, and data science. The clinical data science field combines these three domains to create a powerful impact on patient care. Whether you’re a healthcare professional or a data enthusiast, understanding this intersection is crucial.

Clinical data science isn’t just traditional data science; it’s data science tailored to the unique demands of healthcare. We leverage clinical data from various sources, including smart health devices and wearables. But, it’s not just about collecting data; it’s about transforming it into actionable insights to improve patient care.

Importance of Clinical Data Science

Why is clinical data science so crucial? To answer this, let’s delve into the intersection of healthcare, technology, and data science. These domains, when combined, open up a world of possibilities. Healthcare professionals can’t effectively use data science tools without understanding healthcare intricacies, and data scientists need a grasp of healthcare to work with these experts. Enter the intersection of these fields, and you have the recipe for success.

Now, why should we care about actionable insights? Imagine a scenario where clinical data helps healthcare practitioners make better decisions. Consider, for example, a patient suffering from a specific health condition like diabetes. We can use clinical data to analyze the prevalence of the disease in different age groups and regions, helping healthcare providers tailor their approach for more effective care.

Leveraging Clinical Data for Actionable Insights

So, how does clinical data science work its magic? It starts with a problem statement, a challenge within healthcare that data can address. Whether it’s improving cancer screening, studying genomics, accelerating drug discovery, or enhancing cancer surveillance, these problem statements drive the clinical data science process.

Patient data, particularly vital signs and biological conditions are collected and analyzed. These parameters inform treatment plans, including drug selection, chemotherapy schedules, and dietary recommendations. Clinical data science helps healthcare professionals make data-driven decisions that maximize the effectiveness of treatment.

Visualization is a crucial aspect of clinical data science. Dashboards that provide clear, understandable insights are valuable not only for healthcare professionals but also for patients. Visualizing health data enables individuals to monitor their well-being and understand how it changes over time.

And it’s not just about 2D graphs; 3D graphs can offer a deeper understanding of complex health data, enhancing the quality of decisions made by both patients and healthcare practitioners.

Clinical Data Visualization | cancer care

Clinical Data Visualization for Informed Decision-Making

Clinical data science is poised to revolutionize healthcare by transforming raw clinical data into actionable insights. Through the intersection of healthcare technologies, IoT, AI/ML, and data science, this field empowers healthcare practitioners and individuals alike. It offers the potential to tailor treatment plans and make informed decisions.

Central to this transformation is clinical data visualization, which bridges the gap between complex data and real-world decision-making. In oncology, for example, clinical data science enables treatment protocols customized to individual patients based on their biological conditions and vital checks.

Data visualizing in healthcare

Visualizing data helps healthcare professionals and individuals understand and interpret complex information. One example is the use of dashboards that provide easily digestible information about one’s health status. These dashboards can be customized for both healthcare professionals and patients, making it easier for everyone to comprehend complex data.

The collaboration between healthcare professionals, data scientists, and technology experts is essential for creating impactful patient care ecosystems, where data guides us toward improved clinical outcomes.

Impact of Data Science on Clinical Outcomes

Clinical data science is more than just a buzzword; it’s a powerful tool for improving clinical outcomes. We need to harness this tool by converting raw clinical data into actionable insights. The key functions within clinical data science are biostatistics, clinical programming, and clinical data management. Biostatistics helps ensure that clinical data meets regulatory standards and compliance by analyzing p-values, confidence intervals, and more. Clinical programming manages and processes data while adhering to rigorous standards such as CDISC.

These functions ensure that clinical data is unbiased and meaningful, which is paramount in the healthcare domain. Clinical data science focuses on bridging the gap between healthcare, IoT, and data science, emphasizing the importance of a multidisciplinary approach. The intersection of these domains allows us to create an efficient, actionable patient care ecosystem.

Use Case: Data Science in Oncology

Now, let’s explore a real-world use case to understand how clinical data science can have a profound impact. We’ll focus on oncology, a field where precise diagnosis and treatment plans are essential.

In oncology, each patient is unique, and their treatment should reflect this individuality. Clinical data science plays a vital role in personalizing cancer care by analyzing a patient’s biological data and vital signs, we can create tailored treatment plans. This process involves protocol selection, drug selection, determining the timing and duration of chemotherapy, and even making dietary recommendations.

Impact of clinical data science | personalized patient care

Clinical data science helps healthcare professionals make informed decisions by comparing heuristic data from past successful treatment plans with current patient data. This allows them to provide the most effective and personalized treatment.

Objectives and Goals in Clinical Data Science

In clinical data science, our objectives revolve around improving the quality of healthcare data, optimizing treatment plans, and making better-informed decisions. Here are some specific goals:

  1. Assessing Quality Cancer Data: Collecting high-quality data specific to cancer types and stages is essential for accurate diagnosis and treatment.
  2. Diagnosing and Evaluating Genetic Mutations: Genetic mutations are critical in understanding the progression and treatment of cancer.
  3. Suggesting Optimal Treatment: Clinical data science can recommend the best treatment options based on patient characteristics and cancer stage.
  4. Giving Lifestyle Recommendations: Recommending the right lifestyle changes to support patients’ recovery and overall well-being.

By achieving these goals, we aim to make healthcare more efficient, personalized, and effective, ultimately leading to better clinical outcomes.

Conclusion

In our journey through the fascinating world of clinical data science, we’ve explored how the convergence of health, technology, and data is revolutionizing healthcare. Clinical data science isn’t just traditional data science; it’s tailored to the unique demands of healthcare, improving patient care through actionable insights. We’ve seen the importance of this intersection and the impact it can have on clinical outcomes. Whether it’s personalizing cancer care or optimizing treatment plans, clinical data science is a powerful tool that promises a brighter future for healthcare.

Key Takeaways:

  • Clinical data science combines health, technology, and data to enhance patient care.
  • Actionable insights derived from clinical data improve healthcare decision-making.
  • Personalized cancer care is a real-world application where clinical data science has a significant impact.

Frequently Asked Questions

Q1. What is clinical data science?

Ans. Clinical data science is the application of data science techniques to healthcare data, focusing on improving patient care by transforming data into actionable insights.

Q2. Why is clinical data science important?

Ans. It’s crucial because it enhances the quality of healthcare by providing healthcare professionals with data-driven insights for better decision-making, leading to improved clinical outcomes.

Q3. How does clinical data science personalize cancer care?

Ans. Clinical data science analyzes a patient’s biological data to tailor treatment plans, such as protocol selection, drug choices, chemotherapy schedules, and dietary recommendations, resulting in more personalized and effective cancer care.

About the Author: Amarjeet Kaur

Amarjeet Kaur is the Senior Data Science Manager at Reliance JIO Infocomm Ltd. With a Ph.D. in Computer Science and Technology, specializing in Artificial Intelligence, she’s a trailblazer in her own right. Awards like the Young Researcher Award 2021 and the Women in AI Leadership Award 2020 illuminate her remarkable journey. Her 14+ years of research expertise span diverse domains, and she even received a research project grant from the Ministry of Science & Technology, Government of India.

DataHour Page: https://community.analyticsvidhya.com/c/datahour/using-clinical-data-science-to-improve-clinical-outcomes

LinkedIn: https://www.linkedin.com/in/dr-amarjeet-kaur-49a27a1a3/

clinical data sciencecustomized treatmentdata sciencedata science for healthcaredata visualizationDataHour Articlehealthcareimpactinsightsoncologypersonalized healthcareTechnology
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