We begin by presenting the recent advances in the area of artificial intelligence and the high-level ideas underlying the progressively narrower domains of machine learning, deep learning, and foundation models, which have emerged over time as dominant paradigms for artificial intelligence. We describe the tremendous progress of these models on problems ranging from understanding, prediction, and creativity on the one hand and challenges likes, open technical, safety, fairnes and transparency on the other hand.

These challenges are further amplified as we seek to advance Inclusive AI to tackle problems for billions of human beings in the context of countries like India. We present our work on multilingual models to democratize information access in a diverse set of Indian languages, on healthcare in environments where we lack data in digital form, to begin with, and on analysis of satellite imagery to help transform agriculture and improve the lives of farmers. Through these examples, we hope to convey the excitement of the potential of AI to make a difference to the world, and also a fascinating set of open problems to tackle.